파이썬 크롤링

(Python) 인스타그램 크롤링

흰둥아솜사탕 2023. 6. 9. 16:22

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In [13]:

import chromedriver_autoinstaller
import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By # XPath 상수화

In [14]:

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

1. 로그인 하기

In [15]:

driver.implicitly_wait(3)

url='https://www.instagram.com/'
driver.get(url)

id = '아이디'
pw = '비밀번호'

# /html/body/div[2]/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div[1]/section/main/article/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/form/div/div[1]/div/label/input
# /html/body/div[2]/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div[1]/section/main/article/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/form/div/div[2]/div/label/input

input_id = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '/html/body/div[2]/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div[1]/section/main/article/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/form/div/div[1]/div/label/input')
input_pw = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '/html/body/div[2]/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div[1]/section/main/article/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/form/div/div[2]/div/label/input')
input_id.send_keys(id)
input_pw.send_keys(pw)
driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '/html/body/div[2]/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div[1]/section/main/article/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/form/div/div[3]/button').click()
time.sleep(5)

2. 해시태그 검색하기

In [16]:

hashtag = '술스타그램'
url = f'https://www.instagram.com/explore/tags/{hashtag}/'
driver.get(url)
time.sleep(5)

3. 스크롤 내리기

In [19]:

for _ in range(5):
    driver.execute_script('window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight)')
    time.sleep(5)

4. 원하는 사진 클릭하기

In [24]:

xpath = '/html/body/div[2]/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/section/main/article/div[2]/div/div[11]/div[3]/a'
driver.find_element(By.XPATH, xpath).click()
time.sleep(3)

5. 좋아요 클릭 및 댓글 달기

In [25]:

like_xpath = '/html/body/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/div/div/div[1]/div/div[3]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/article/div/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/section[1]/span[1]/button'
driver.find_element(By.XPATH, like_xpath).click()
time.sleep(1)

In [26]:

comment = '잘보고갑니다!'
comment_xpath = '/html/body/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/div/div/div[1]/div/div[3]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/article/div/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/section[3]/div/form/div/textarea'
driver.find_element(By.XPATH, comment_xpath).click()
driver.find_element(By.XPATH, comment_xpath).send_keys(comment)
time.sleep(3)

In [27]:

send_xpath = '/html/body/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/div/div/div[1]/div/div[3]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/article/div/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/section[3]/div/form/div/div[2]/div'
driver.find_element(By.XPATH, send_xpath).click()
time.sleep(3)

In [28]:

next_xpath = '/html/body/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/div/div/div[1]/div/div[3]/div/div/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/button'
driver.find_element(By.XPATH, next_xpath).click()
time.sleep(3)

6. 함수로 리팩토링

In [38]:

# 로그인
def login(id, pw):
    input_id = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '/html/body/div[2]/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div[1]/section/main/article/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/form/div/div[1]/div/label/input')
    input_pw = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '/html/body/div[2]/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div[1]/section/main/article/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/form/div/div[2]/div/label/input')
    input_id.send_keys(id)
    input_pw.send_keys(pw)
    driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '/html/body/div[2]/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div[1]/section/main/article/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/form/div/div[3]/button').click()
    time.sleep(5)

# 해시태그 검색
def search(hashtag, scroll_items):
    url = f'https://www.instagram.com/explore/tags/{hashtag}/'
    driver.get(url)
    time.sleep(5)
    
    for _ in range(scroll_items):
        driver.execute_script('window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight)')
        time.sleep(5)

# 좋아요 및 댓글달기(어떤사진을 선택할지 index, 댓글, 반복숫자)
def like_and_comment(nth, comment, repeat=1):
    row = (nth-1) // 3 + 1
    col = (nth-1) % 3 + 1
    xpath = f'/html/body/div[2]/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/section/main/article/div[2]/div/div[{row}]/div[{col}]/a'
    driver.find_element(By.XPATH, xpath).click()
    time.sleep(3)
    
    for i in range(repeat):
        like_xpath = '/html/body/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/div/div/div[1]/div/div[3]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/article/div/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/section[1]/span[1]/button'
        driver.find_element(By.XPATH, like_xpath).click()
        time.sleep(1)

        comment_xpath = '/html/body/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/div/div/div[1]/div/div[3]/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/article/div/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/section[3]/div/form/div/textarea'
        driver.find_element(By.XPATH, comment_xpath).click()
        driver.find_element(By.XPATH, comment_xpath).send_keys(comment)
        time.sleep(3)
        
        if i+1 < repeat:
            next_xpath = '/html/body/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/div/div/div[1]/div/div[3]/div/div/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/button'
            driver.find_element(By.XPATH, next_xpath).click()
            time.sleep(3)

In [41]:

url='https://www.instagram.com/'
driver.get(url)

id = '아이디'
pw = '비밀번호'

driver.implicitly_wait(3)
login(id, pw)
time.sleep(5)

hashtag = '사과'

search(hashtag, 3)
time.sleep(5)

like_and_comment(10, '잘 보고 갑니다', 3)

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